Root: "ک
ت ب"
Words from this Root in the Grand Qur'aan:
a) Total occurrences: 319
b) No of constructions: 59
The basic perception and meanings of this Root were to conjoin the os
[plural ora/ mouth-opening] of she-camel’s vulva by means
of a ring or thong in order to close the opening that she might not be covered
by an unknown male without the will of her owner, even if she
sits in heat. Its perception and meaning is to bring the mouth of something together, conjoin
it and sew it. [Refer Lane's Lexicon]
It is used for writing down, in which the basic perception of
the Root dominates. Writing is nothing except bringing closer the
particles/consonants of the language and stitching/sewing them together.
As is the purpose of stitching the mouth of some
receptacle/container, the purpose of
writing is to keep the matter preserved, and avoid it being scattered
and diminished. Like the basic purpose of
conjoining the mouth of she-camel's vulva, i.e. to ensure the
unwanted/undesirable entry into it without the will of the owner,
similarly when an author puts down his statement/thoughts in writing,
none can pollute/intermix any thing in that written matter/thought in
the time and space since it is physically available to be referred and
seen.
When papers/parchments/tablets containing written matter are brought together,
or conjoined and sewn, or are scrolled, it is called
a book, something conjoined and
sewn together to secure the matter contained therein from being scattered,
disintegrated or polluted/intermixed.
The difference, between قول
with meanings of an oral statement and كتاب , is that the former is
the sound one يَلْفِظُ
meaning which he throws out of his mouth only to scatter in
air and eventually diminish, though it may not be lost/destroyed
permanently. On the contrary if the same thing which one has يَلْفِظُ,
is put in writing [placed in a receptacle, conjoined and sewn together]
it will become safe and lasting.
The psyche of oral utterances [افواه]
is also that it quickly spreads and scatters in the society.
This is
diametrically opposite to the concept and perception of Arabic Root and word كتاب.
Therefore, anything orally said, i.e. thrown out of the mouth as sound,
articulated in a particular shape of the words of a language of the
listener, can not be said or considered to be of permanent value in time and space
since it could be heard only by those in whose ears it had created
vibrations.
The basic purpose to achieve from conjoining the os of vulva
is to avoid undesirable entrance of undesirable matter.
People are bound
to add matter of their own perceptions when oral utterances are
transmitted forward in time and place. On the contrary, if that person had also
put it in writing, his utterance would go into confinement in a
conjoined and static state, and would reach people exactly in the words
he had uttered from his mouth.
One anything is written it gets inscribed, fixedly attached or engraved
on paper or tablet and covers a space. Anything, letter, treatise, book on having been put into
writing attains the attribute of existence and permanence retaining its
virginity i.e. originality and purity, being the same for everyone in
time and space for understanding, perceiving the
words/statement/utterances/hadith of the author. Hence it is used to convey the meanings "to prescribe,
ordain, make mandatory/obligatory".
The basic purpose of ك ت ب is to conjoin and sew together and the
ultimate objective of كتاب is to conjoin and sew people together to make
them one unit, a homogeneous fraternity.
A nation/fraternity comes into being
only when there is a book, a social contract or a constitution. Let us admit
affectionately that no language of the world can match the Arabic, the language of our Lord, the
Last Messenger Sal'lallaa'hoalaih'wa'salam, the elevated and praised one.
1.
أل
+.أل
is the
definite article in the
Arabic language; a
particle (حرف) whose function is to render the
noun on which it is
prefixed definite.
Noun: Singular;
masculine; definite
by
أل;
Nominative.
(1)2:02,(2)2:235;(3)6:156,(4)6:157;(5)18:49;(6)28:86;(7)39:69;(8)42:52
=8
2.
Noun; Singular,
definite
by
أل;
masculine; accusative.
(1)2:44,(2)2:53,(3)2:78,(4)2:79,(5)2:87,(6)2:101,(7)2:113,(8)2:121,(9)2:129,(10)2:144,(11)2:145,(12)2:146,(13)2:151,(14)2:176,
(15)2:213;(16)3:03,(17)3:07,(18)3:19,(19)3:20,(20)3:48,(21)3:79,(22)3:79,(23)3:100,(24)3:164,(25)3:186,(26)3:187;(27)4:47,
(28)4:54, (29)4:105, (30)4:113,(31)4:131;(32)5:05,(33)5:05,(34)5:48,(35)5:57,(36)5:110;(37)6:20,(38)6:89,
(39)6:91, (40)6:114,(41)6:114,(42)6:154;(43)7:169,(44)7:196;(45)9:29;(46)10:94;(47)11:110;(48)13:36;(49)16:64,(50)16:89;
(51)17:02;(52)18:01;(53)19:12,(54)19:30;(55)23:49;(56)24:33;(57)25:35;(58)28:43,(59)28:52;(60)29:47,(61)29:47,(62)29:51 ;
(63)32:23;(64)35:32;(65)37:117;(66)39:02,(67)39:41;(68)40:53;(69)41:45;(70)42:14,(71)42:17;(72)45:16;(73)57:16,(74)57:25;
(75)62:02;(76)74:31,(77)74:31;(78)98:04=78
3.
Noun; Singular;
masculine; definite
by
أل;
Genitive
(1) 2:85,(2)2:105,(3)2:109,(4)2:159,(5)2:174,(6)2:176(7)2:,231;(8)3:07,(9)3:23,(10)3:64,(11)3:65,(12)3:69,(13)3:70,(14)3:71,
(15)3:72, (16)3:75,(17)3:78,(18)3:78,(19)3:98,(20)3:99,(21)3:110,(22)3:113,(23)3:199;(24)4:44,(25)4:51,(26)4:123,(27)4:127,
(28)4:140,(29)4:153,(30)4:159,(31)4:171;(32)5:15,(33)5:15,(34)5:19,(35)5:48,(36)5:59(37)5:,65,(38)5:68,(39)5:77;
(40)6:38;(41)7:37,(42)7:169;(43)10:01,(44)10:37;(45)12:01;(46)13:01,(47)13:39,(48)13:43;(49)15:01;(50)17:04,(51)17:58;
(52)18:49;(53)19:16,(54)19:41,(55)19:51,(56)19:54,(57)19:56;(58)26:02;(59)27:40;(60)28:02;(61)29:45,(62)29:46;(63)31:02
(64)32:02;(65)33:06,(66)33:26;(67)35:31;(68)39:01;(69)40:02;(70)43:04;(71)45:02;(72)46:02;(73)57:29;(74)59:02,(75)59:11;
(76)98:01,(77)98:06=77
4.
Noun: Singular; masculine; indefinite [نكرة]; Nominative
(1)2:89;(2)5:15;(3)8:68(4)23:62(5)27:29(6)41:03(7)46:12(8)68:37(9)83:09(10)83:20=10
5.
Noun: Singular; masculine; indefinite [نكرة]; Nominative
(1)6:92,(2)6:155;(3)7:02;(4)11:01;(5)14:01;(6)38:29;(7)50:04=7
6. 
(1)13:38(2)15:04=2
7.
Noun:
definite because "annexed of relative
phrase" [منصوب مضاف];
singular, masculine; accusative. "The Book of [Allah; The Record/ book
of wicked/righteous]" (1)2:101:(2)4:24;(3)35:29;(4)83:07,(5)83:18=5
8.
Noun: Singular; masculine; indefinite [نكرة];
Genitive.
(1)3:23;(2)5:44;(3)8:75;(4)9:36;(5)30:56;(6)33:06=6
9.
Noun: Singular; masculine; indefinite [نكرة];
Genitive. 18:27=1
10.
conjunction
وَ+
Noun: Singular; definite
by
أل;
masculine; Genitive
(1)2:177;(2)3:84;(3)4:136,(4)4:136;(5)43:02;(6)44:02=6
11.
Noun:
definite because "annexed of relative
phrase" [منصوب مضاف];
plural, masculine; genitive. Possessive
Pronoun [المضاف
اليه]: Third person; singular; masculine "The Book of
Him"(1)2:285;(2)4:136;(3)66:12=3
12.
Preposition
بِ+Noun:
definite
by
أل;
Singular; masculine;
Genitive.
(1)3:78;(2)3:119;(3)7:170;(4)35:25;(5)40:70=5
13.
Noun: Singular; masculine; indefinite [نكرة];
Genitive.
(1)3:81;(2)6:59;(3)10:61;(4)11:06;(5)20:52;(6)22:08,(7)22:70;(8)27:75;(9)29:48;(10)31:20;(11)34:03;
(12)35:11; (13)42:15;(14)52:02;(15)56:78;(16)57:22=16
14.
Noun: Singular; masculine; indefinite [نكرة];
Genitive. 27:01=1
15.
Noun: Singular; masculine; indefinite [نكرة];
Accusative.
(1)3:145;(2)4:103,(3)4:153;(4)6:07;(5)17:13,(6)17:93;(7)21:10;(8)35:40;(9)39:23;(10)43:21;(11)46:30;(12)78:29=12
16.
Preposition
بِ+
Noun: Singular; masculine; indefinite [نكرة];
Genitive.
(1)7:52;(2)28:49;(3)46:04=3
17.
Noun: Singular; masculine; indefinite [نكرة]; Nominative
(1)11:17;(2)46:12=2
18.
Noun:
definite because "annexed of relative
phrase" [منصوب مضاف];
singular, masculine; accusative. Possessive
Pronoun [المضاف
اليه]: Second person; singular; masculine "The Book of
yours" 17:14=1
19.
Noun:
definite because "annexed of relative
phrase" [منصوب مضاف];
singular, masculine; accusative. Possessive Pronoun [المضاف
اليه]: Third person; singular; masculine.
"The Book/written record of him"
(1)17:71;(2)69:19;(3)69:25;(4)84:07;(5)84:10=5
20.
Noun:
definite because "annexed of relative
phrase" [منصوب مضاف];
singular, masculine; accusative. Possessive Pronoun [المضاف
اليه]: Third person; plural; masculine.
"The respective Book/written record of them" 17:71=1
21.
Preposition
بِ+
Noun: Singular;
masculine. +ى
possessive pronoun
ضمير
واحد متكلم
; first person; singular. "with the letter of mine". 27:28=1
22.
conjunction
وَ+Noun: Singular; definite
by
أل;
masculine; Accusative.
(1)29:27;(2)57:26=2
23.
Noun: Plural;
masculine; indefinite; Genitive. 34:44=1
24.
Noun:
Plural; masculine; indefinite;
Nominative. 98:03=1
25.
Prefixed preposition
لِ+definite
article
أل;
Noun: definite; Plural; masculine;
genitive 21:104=1
26.
Prefixed particle of emphasis
لَ+
Noun: Singular; masculine; indefinite; Nominative. 41:41=1
27.
Noun:
definite because "annexed of relative
phrase" [منصوب مضاف];
singular, masculine; genitive. Possessive Pronoun [المضاف
اليه]: Third person; singular; feminine.
"The Book/written record of her" 45:28=1
28.
Noun:
definite because "annexed of relative
phrase" [منصوب مضاف];
singular, masculine; genitive. Possessive Pronoun [المضاف
اليه]: First person; plural; "The Book of
Us/Ours" 45:29=1
29.
Noun:
definite because "annexed of relative
phrase" [منصوب مضاف];
singular, masculine; genitive. Possessive Pronoun [المضاف
اليه]: First person; singular; "The Book/
written record of Mine"
(1)69:19;(2)69:25=2
30.
Preposition
بِ+
Noun: Singular;
masculine. +Possessive pronoun: Second person; plural; masculine 37:157=1
31.
Verb: imperfect;
plural; masculine; third person. "They [more than two males] write"
(1)2:79;(2)10:21;(3)43:80;(4)52:41;(5)68:47=5
32.
Past tense[معروف ;الماضي perfect], active, singular, feminine; "wrote/written"2:79=1
33.
Verb;
Perfect; Singular, masculine, third person;
passive; "it was/has been written/ prescribed/ordained"
(1)2:178,(2)2:180,(3)2:183,(4)2:183,(5)2:216,(6)2:246,(7)2:246;(8)3:154;(9)4:77,(10)4:127;(11)9:120,(12)9:121;(13)22:04=13
34.
Verb: Perfect; third person; Singular, masculine; active; [Form I]
"He has ordained/written/prescribed".
(1)2:187;(2)5:21;(3)6:12,(4)6:54;(5)9:51;(6)58:21,(7)58:22;(8)50:03=8
35.
Prefixed conjunction
فَ
that shows cause and effect.
"Then/for reason/therefore" +
Verb:
imperative; second person; plural; masculine; +
Attached pronoun
هُ; third person; singular; masculine
referring to the contract required
to be put in writing. 2:282=1
36.
Prefixed conjunction
وَ+
prefixed particleلَ
imperative +Verb:
Imperfect; third person; Singular; masculine;
jussive mood "and let him write". 2:282=1
37.
Verb:
Imperfect; third person; Singular; masculine; subjunctive mood. 2:282=1
38.
Prefixed conjunction
فَ
which shows cause and effect+
prefixed particle
لَ
imperative +Verb;
Imperfect; third person; Singular; masculine; jussive mood. 2:282=1
39.
Verb: Imperfect; second person; plural; masculine;
subjunctive mood + Attached
pronoun
هُ; third person; singular; masculine. 2:282=1
40.
Verb: Imperfect; second person; plural; masculine;
subjunctive mood + Attached
pronoun
هَا ; third person; singular; feminine
referring to hand to hand/in cash dealings and transactions.
2:282=1
41.
Prefixed conjunction
فَ
that shows cause and effect.
"Then/for reason/therefore"+ Verb: Imperative; second person;
singular; masculine. +
Attached pronoun
نَا ; First person; plural.
"Therefore/for this reason/in consequence You write us"
(1)3:53;(2)5:83=2
42.
Prefixed particle
سَ
rendering verb to future and repetition +Verb: Imperfect; First person;
plural; "We will write/keep writing"
(1)3:181;(2)19:79=2
43.
Verb: Perfect; First person; plural; "We had
prescribed/decreed/written it down".
(1)4:66;(2)5:32;(3)5:45;(4)7:145;(5)21:105=5
44.
Verb: Imperfect; First person; plural. 36:12=1
45.
Verb: Perfect; Second person; Singular, masculine; active. "You have
ordained/ prescribed/written down" 4:77=1
46.
Verb:
imperfect; third person; singular; masculine;
"He writes" 4:81=1
47.
Conjunction
وَ+
Verb: imperative; second person; singular;
masculine. "And You ordain/prescribed/write down". 7:156=1
48.
Prefixed conjunction
فَ
that shows cause and effect+
Prefixed particle
سَ
rendering verb to future and repetition +Verb: Imperfect; first person;
singular +Attached pronoun
هَا ; third person; singular; feminine
referring to mercy. "Therefore/for
that reason I will keep prescribing/writing that" 7:156=1
49.
Prefixed conjunction
فَ
that shows cause and effect+
Verb: Imperative; second person; masculine;
plural [Form III]+ Attached pronoun: Third Person; masculine; plural.
"Hence/for reason/in response to their request you people give/settle
their account" 24:33=1
[Also note that in case of the verb with the
pronoun of the 2nd person masculine plural , a
وَ has to be added
between the verb and the pronoun]
50.
Verb: Perfect; third person; singular;
masculine; active [Form VIII] "He has written down" +Attached
pronoun
هَا ; third person; singular; feminine
referring to the "alleged as tales of the past" 25:05=1
51.
Prefixed particle
سَ
rendering verb to future and repetition +Verb: Imperfect; third person;
singular; feminine; passive "it will persistently be recorded" 43:19=1
52.
Verb:
Perfect; first person; plural +Attached
pronoun
هَا ; third person; singular; feminine
referring to the innovated act". 57:27=1
53.
Active participle; Singular; masculine;
indefinite; Nominative [In Arabic if particle "ن" is followed by "ب"
then in such situation a small "م" is written/injected in between. Here
too there is "ن" of Tanwin, and the following word initiates with "ب",
therefore this construction. 2:282=1
54 .
Active
participle; Singular; masculine;
indefinite; Nominative. 2:282=1
55.
Active participle; Singular; masculine;
indefinite; Nominative. 2:282=1
56.
Active participle; Singular; masculine;
indefinite. 2:283=1
57.
Active participle; plural; masculine;
indefinite. 21:94=1
58.
Active
participle; plural; masculine;
indefinite. 82:11=1
59.
Passive Participle: indefinite; singular;
masculine; accusative "written down" 7:157=1
2:101;4:24;35:29=3
3:23;5:44;8:75;9:36; 30:56;33:06=6
18:27