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o Beginning is with Allah's personal name Ar'Reh'maan Who is The Fountain of Infinite Mercy. |
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In Grand Qur'aan other Roots with first two letters ع ق 1) ع ق ب 2) ع ق د 3) ع ق ر 4) ع ق م
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Root: ع ق ل Words from this Root in the Grand Qur'aan: a) Total occurrences: 49 b) No of constructions: 5 The basic perception infolded in the Root is the act of withholding or restraining, to "captivate", "imprison", "confine", "save and to make safe". The act of captivating and placing thing in the protected environment is withholding, binding or becoming in a bound state. Lane's lexicon says that this is the primary signification which might be from عَقَلَ الْبَعِيرَ -He bound the camel with what is called عِقَال . This word also from this Root, refers to a rope with which a camel's fore shank is bound to his/her arm, both being folded together and bound in the middle of the arm. Rope binds things and makes them safe and protected from scattering. This binding creates a link-a reference. Therefore المعقل means "the place to which one has recourse for protection; a place to which one betakes himself for refuge, preservation, covet, or lodging". In addition, once anything is safe and protected it results in the feel of strength, security and tranquility. مُعَقَّلَةٌ signified a she-camel bound with عِقَال the rope on the occasion of she being covered. Thereby, metonymically it is used equivalent to الجماع as meaning the act of taking a woman/one's wife in the fold of hands and compressing her with the chest. [Lane's Lexicon] It may seem strange that from primary signification of عَقَلَ الْبَعِيرَ its superfine perception and meanings is what we call intellect, intelligence, mind, reason or knowledge, which is the domain of brain. Without going into the niceties and delicacies of the discussions of philosophers and the brain scientists, for us it suffices that intelligence/intellect is the faculty/capability to reason, solve problems, think abstractly, learn and understand new material and profit from the past experiences. All this is possible and dependant upon knowledge of things. A man is born, joins the association of humanity with a clean slate, without information/knowledge of any thing:
Realize that, Allah brought you people out of the bellies of your respective mothers in a state that you did not have the knowledge/perception of something [possessing dimensions, material realities]. This realization may enable you people to express praises/thanks. [16:78] [let us respond الحمد لله]
[Same pronouncement
in same words in
32:09;67:23] Moreover, He has made for you people the organs/faculty of listening, and visions; and interpretation/reasoning/reflection-heart and mind. [Refer16:78]
The
Allah is the One Who created
you people in state of weakness,
[physically and metaphorically because
thereafter with the passage of time He gave you strength [physically as well as metaphorically for having given faculty of gaining knowledge about things] after the state of weakness; [Refer 30:54]
We know things only by knowing their name/cognition code and dimensions/features. Moreover, we can perceive them only when we have converted both as neurological interpretation and observation and saved/captivated them in the memory {عقل}. The faculty of listening is for recognizing the name/code of the things; vision {بصر not نظر which refers to eye ball, mere looking/glancing} determines the dimension/features by focusing eye sight on some thing and heart and brain interpret and determine its compatibility with other things which enable its storage/captivation in the memory of the brain. Memory is like the hard disk and heart is like the monitor of computer. Data stored in memory is of use and meaning so long it is retrievable and seen on the screen of the monitor. If the screen of the computer or the heart of a man becomes blind, the data stored in the memory/hard disk would be of no value even it could be retrieved since it would be merely dots/neurological signal. The man is born in a weak state, both physically and metaphorically, that is lack of knowledge about his surroundings. With the passage of time he gradually becomes physically stronger and stronger and metaphorically also with the gaining of knowledge about his surroundings through the aforementioned faculties given by Allah. The basic and foremost perception of Root ع ق ل is to restrain, captivate and save and the first step in building intelligence/intellect is to save information/data about things in the memory. Moreover, the thing is safe when it is in a safe place [المعقل] or is bound/tightened/linked with a rope [عقال]. Nothing saves in the memory [serving as المعقل] unless we bound it with a “rope”-link it with another thing to satisfy the perception of Root ع ق ل. In common parlance and understanding of public, this Root has also metonymical use for embracing and pressing wife in fold with chest. This results in compressing and squeezing of wife. Nothing saves in the memory and becomes part of intellect without being in a compressed/squeezed state. Have we any option except to accept that the Roots of Arabic language have all the physical/scientific realities infolded in them both relating to matter and life. Like the human brain, in the computer-memory/hard disk, data saves only by linking and compressing it and this is how we grant "عقل" to our created machine.
Man keeps successively and persistently rising from the stage of
And these are the examples which We give/quote for the benefit of the people. o But no one can reflect/ponder/analyze these except those who have the relevant information/data/knowledge. [29:43]
However, those who after having gained the information do not apply/make use of the faculty of intellect in fact do not differentiate between things, conjecture and fact, hearsay and verifiable information/data.
Do you [the people of clergy/men of understanding] direct common people to restrict to good deeds and forget it for yourselves though you read the Book?
[This query is also in
2:76;3:65;6:32;7:169;10:16;11:51;12:109;21:10,67;23:80;28:60;37:138]o Is it for the reason that you do not reflect? [to notice this evident contradiction in your behaviour/conduct] [2:44] [Exact these words in
3:190] Indeed in the creation of the Skies and the Earth, and in the [difference by] alteration/revolving of the night and the day, [Same information in same words at end
13:04;16:12;30:24]o are indeed the visible/tangible signs/information for people to recognize/differentiate/ research/reflect. [Refer 2:164]
O, you the people of the Book, why do you people indulge in conflicting argument about Iebra'heim [alaihis'slaam, calling him a Jew or Christian] while We had not sent To'raat and Inj'eel except after his time [natural death].
o Is it for reason that you people do not ponder/use intellect to differentiate? [which is the basic job of intellect] [3:65]
Indeed, in the sight of Allah the worst/irksome of the animals are the deaf and the dumb, those who do not reflect/interpret/differentiate [captivate knowledge] [8:22] A deaf is the one who is unable to hear and metaphorically refers to a person who is unresponsive or indifferent to respond to something as if unable to hear it. Dumb is a person who is unable to speak/respond; and is referred to a person showing low level of intelligence. Listening does not merely mean the vibration of eardrum. It becomes listening only if we intend to preserve it when our system will the vibration and save/captivate that thought/statement in the memory of the brain. This is the basic meaning of the Arabic word "عقل" and "يعقلون" is an act of withholding, binding, to bind something. Those who do not listen carefully are like the deaf and dumb who had not captivated/saved the data in their memory "عقل" and in the absence of data in the memory, we can speak nothing like a dumb person. Allah keeps asking the people to listen attentively so that they can answer the call. Only those can answer the call who had listened what was stated.
[You relax; let them knowingly refrain from Qur'aan] Indeed only such of the people answer/respond [reasonably/rationally] who listen [one can respond only when he has listened in such a manner that he let the words transmitted into his memory from where it can be retrieved for response]; [6:36] The advantage and purpose of the act signified by the Root ع ق ل is recourse for protection and the feel of strength, security and tranquility. What is the opposite of it; let us listen from the "experienced ones":
Know it that they further said, "Had we listened or had we applied intellect/differentiating faculty we would not have been in the resident company/group of high/scorching temperature of Hell" [67:10] We read earlier that the job of intellect is to profit from the experiences. Let us profit from the "experience" of these people and start listening the Grand Qur'aan and applying intellect to differentiate between the hearsay, conjecture, writings of people; notwithstanding they attributed those to the Messenger Sal'lallaa'hoalaih'wa'salam or Allah; and the words of Qur'aan which will grant the abode of security and safety and true life of tranquility. ................... 1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
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, i.e. state of
ignorance/lack of knowledge about anything of surroundings is reflective
of weakness, insecurity, pitiable position placing him at the mercy of
others.
[فعل مضارع مرفوع] Verb: Imperfect; Third person; singular;
masculine; active; Mood: Indicative +
[فعل مضارع مرفوع] Verb:
Imperfect; First person; plural; active; Mood: Indicative;
[الفاعل:ضمير مستتر:نَحْنُ]
Subject pronoun hidden; مصدر-عَقْلٌ
Verbal noun. "we apply intellect/analyze/perceive" (1)67:10=1
